1. How Servers Work
2. Scope of Service
How Servers Work
In general, all of the machines on the Internet can be categorized as two types: SERVERS and CLIENTS. Those machines that provide services (like Web servers or FTP servers) to other computers are servers. And the machines that are used to connect to those servers, like your computer, are clients.
Web hosting is a necessity for any Web site — it is the physical location of your Web site on the Internet, an online storage center that houses the information, images, video, and other content that comprises your Web site. Web hosting service providers maintain the server where the data associated with your Web site resides, and also manage the technology that makes your Web site connect to the Internet.
Scope of Service
Web site hosting is typically measured in the amount of disk space you're allotted on the server and the amount of data transfer or "bandwidth" you need for accessing the server. For example, if you have a lot of customer interaction at your Web site, such as files to download, you will access the server frequently and you'll need more Web hosting transfer space than someone who simply puts readable text on their Web site. The more "content" you have on your site (i.e., photos, maps, PDF files, etc.), the more disk space you'll need for Web site hosting.
The scope of hosting services varies widely. The most basic is web page and small-scale file hosting, where files can be uploaded via File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or a Web interface. The files are usually delivered to the Web "as is" or with little processing. Many Internet service providers (ISPs) offer this service free to their subscribers.
The host may also provide an interface or Control Panel for managing the Web server and installing scripts as well as other services like e-mail. Some hosts specialize in certain software or services (e.g. e-commerce). They are commonly used by larger companies to outsource network infrastructure to a hosting company.
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